Tiny medical electronics dissolve harmlessly inside your body

20 hrs.

Devin Coldewey

A team of researchers has created a form of electronics that can be implanted in a patient's body then forgotten about ? because the implants will dissolve within a week or two. Such safe and hassle-free electronic monitoring could revolutionize medical care.

Implanting devices in the body is nothing new, but usually the risk is only worth it for life-threatening problems: a pacemaker, for instance, or an insulin pump. But there are lots of?situations where constantly monitoring some vital statistic would be useful. A thermometer or blood sugar monitor could help make sure a post-operative patient is safe during the critical first week ? but the stress and cost of the implantation and removal operations can't be justified.

But what if the implant was inexpensive and made of nontoxic materials that would break apart and be resorbed into the body after a set period of time? That's just what researchers, led by Professor?Fiorenzo Omenetto at Tufts and?John A. Rogers at the University of Illinois, have accomplished.

The tiny devices, which they call "transient electronics," are made from silicon and silk. Silicon is, of course, a?normal material for electronics, but it is also a common organic element found in our own bodies, and small amounts of silicon are easily dissolved in water or bodily fluids. Modern manufacturing techniques allowed the team to make silicon circuits only tens of nanometers thick, meaning they are well within healthy quantities?to be ingested.

Circuits are usually mounted on plastic or some other non-soluble material. But on transient electronics, the circuit?board is made of silk protein extracted from silkworm cocoons, a material that is strong but also very biodegradable. Omenetto and his team managed to adjust its properties so they can control how long it takes for the silk to degrade ? meaning they can create devices that melt down after a day, a week, or more. Theoretically,?it could last for years,?Rogers told NBC News via email,?but the design the team has been working on was made for the two-week post-operative period.

They use wireless power ? harvesting energy from radio transmissions to operate?the circuits. Rogers said that they can do non-rechargeable batteries, too, but that work isn't published yet.

So far, they've put together a temperature monitor and a tiny camera, both of which could be used for a number of purposes in the medical establishment. The next step, aside from applying for the usual testing and approvals, is to make the devices responsive to things like light or pressure, so that they could be activated or perhaps even destroyed at the command of a doctor or patient.

Beyond the body, such biodegradable devices could also safely be introduced to natural environments without the need to recover them, and without the risk of polluting or poisoning local wildlife.

The research was made possible by a number of grants from DARPA, the NSF, the NIH, and others. The paper is entitled "A physically transient form of silicon electronics," and can be found in this week's edition of the journal Science.

Devin Coldewey is a?contributing writer for NBC News Digital. His personal website is?coldewey.cc.

Source: http://www.nbcnews.com/technology/futureoftech/tiny-medical-electronics-dissolve-harmlessly-inside-your-body-6146659

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